Global Warming
References
[1] Department of Energy. 1997 Fuel Economy Guide. Also Carbon
Dioxide
Information Analysis Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
[2] Colburn, Cleo. Co-author of "Our Stolen Future." Taken from
March
22, 1996 interview by Michael Krasny, Forum, KQED-FM in San Francisco.
[3] Keeling, Ralph, Stephen Piper, Martin
Heimann.
"Global and hemispheric carbon dioxide sinks deduced from changes in
atmospheric
oxygen concentration" Nature,Vol.381 May 16, 1996.
[4] Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
(IPCC)
Climate Change 1995. Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation.
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[5] Karl, Thomas R. "Current Effects of
Climate
Change," An Ozone Action Roundtable. June 24, 1996.
[6] Trenberth, Kevin. "Current Effects of
Climate
Change." Ozone Action Roundtable, June 24, 1996
[7] Marland, Gregg and Angela Pippin. "United
States
Emissions of Carbon Dioxide to the Earth's Atmosphere by Economic
Activity.
" Oak Ridge National Laboratory.1990
[8] State of the World, 1997. A Worldwatch
Institute
Report, p.103 based on report by Jonathon Bailie and Brian Groombridge,
eds., 1996 IUCN-World Conservation Union Red List of Threatened Animals
(Cambridge:IUCN Publications Service Unit, 1996).
[9] San Francisco Chronicle, December 28,
1996
[10] World Wildlife Fund Climate
Changes.....Our
Health. A report by the WWF.
[11] "Race to Save the Planet" documentary.
Narrated
by Meryl Streep and Roy Scheider
[12] World Wildlife Fund......Bird Migration. A
report
by the WWF.
[13] United Nations information per San Francisco Chronicle June
20,
1997
[14] Stone, Richard. February 17, 1995.
Science
Vol. 267.
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[15] Allen, Scott. March 6 1995. Taken from
article
in The Boston Globe.
[16] Holstrom, David. "They're Bats, They're
Back-This
Time With Better PR" Christian Science Monitor, p.15 July 16, 1996.
[17] Cline, William R. 1992. "The Economics
of
Global Warming." Washington D.C. Institute for International Economics.
[18] World Wildlife Fund (WWF): "Explaining
climate
change/ a WWF overview of the new science."
[19] National Oceanic and Atmospheric
Administration
Press Release, dated April 4, 1996. By Stephanie Kenitzer. (taken from
NOAA web site).
[20] Climate Action Network report. "What's
New
About Global Warming."
[21] Marland, Gregg. Carbon Dioxide Information
Analysis
Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN
[22] Rainforest Action Network. Press Release,
October
16, 1996.
[23] Peters, Robert L. and Thomas E. Lovejoy,
eds.
1992. Global Warming and Biological Diversity. New Haven, Conn. Yale
University
Press
[24] Ganeshram, Raja S., Thomas F.
Pedersen,
Stephen E.Calvert, James W. Murray. "Large changes in oceanic nutrient
inventories from glacial to interglacial periods." Nature, p. 755
August
31. 1995
[25] Oltmans, S.J and D.J. Hofmann. Nature. Vol.
374.
March 9, 1995. p. 146.
[26] Woodwell, G.M. "Current Effects of Climate
Change,"
Ozone Action Roundtable. June 24, 1996
[27] The United States Environmental
Protection
Agency, 1989. "The Potential Effects of Climate Change on the United
States"
(Joel B. Smith and Dennis Tirpak, eds.) Washington, D.C.
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[28] State of the World, 1996. A Worldwatch Institute Report.
[29] Hastenrath, S., and P.D. Kruss, February
1992.
Greenhouse indicators in Kenya. Nature. Volume 355. p.503-504.
[30] Thompson, E.M., "Current Effects of
Climate
Change," Ozone Action Roundtable. June 24, 1996.
[31] National Climate Data Center (NOAA)
Technical
Report 9701.May 20, 1997.
[32] Taken from an Associated Press article
reported
in the San Francisco Chronicle, December 10, 1996.
[33] Taken from an article in the San
Francisco
Chronicle, December 12, 1997 originating in the New York Times by Keith
Bradsher.
[34] "Geochemical Consequences of Increased
Atmospheric
Carbon Dioxide on Coral Reefs," Joan A.Kleypas et al., Science, April
2,
1999.
[35] Warrick, Joby, "Hot Year Was Killer for
Coral,"
Washington Post, March 5, 1999. Wilkinson et al., "Ecological and
Socioeconomic
Impacts of 1998 Coral Mortality in the Indian Ocean: An ENSO Impact and
a Warning of Future Change?" Ambio, March 1999.
[36] Cowen, Robert C., "How Hurricanes May
Add
to Global Warming," Christian Science Monitor, September 3, 1998.
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[37] Pierce, Fred. "That Sinking Feeling," New
Scientist,
October 23, 1999.
[38] Focus, World Wildlife Fund, March/April
issue,
2000.
[39] Pimental, Benjamin, Chronicle South Bay
Bureau,
San Francisco Chronicle, January 22, 1997, p.A14.
[40] New York Times, November 17, 1999
[41] Washington Post article of May 30,
2000
based on report in the journal, Science, May 26, 2000.
[42] Perlman, David, San Francisco Chronicle,
May
31, 2000 based largely on report in the jounal Science, May 26, 2000.
[43] Talk of the Nation/Science Friday, December
17,
1999. Excerpt and quotes based on comments by Alan Robock, Professor of
Climatology, Rutgers University.
[44] Braasch, Gary, Photo Essay, "As the
World
Warms," The Amicus Journal, Summer 2000, p.34.
[45] Newman, Steve, Earth Week, "Global
Warming
Victims," Los Angeles Times Syndicate, October 24, 1998.
[46] Newman, Steve, Earth Week, "Moose
Starvation,"
Los Angeles Times Syndicate, January 18, 1999.
[47] Greenpeace web site, Information
downloaded
January 26, 2000.
[48] World Wildlife Fund Focus
Newsletter,
March 2000.
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[49] New Scientist, "Forests Turn to Dust," May
6,
2000.
[50]U.S Global Change Research Program
[51] Report titled 'Confronting Climate Change in
California' by the Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS) and The
Ecological
Society of America, 1999 p.17, published by UCS Publications,
Cambridge,
MA.
[52] Gary Braasch, photo-essay, As the
World
Warms, Natural Resources Defense Council's Amicus Journal, Summer
2000,
p.34.
[53] Report on the melting of Greenland ice
sheet,
Science, lead author, William B. Krabill, July 21, 2000, taken from
articles
by the Associated Press and Washington Post's Curt Suplee .
[54] Based on a compilation of scientific
sources
found in World Watch Institute's Vital Signs 2000 report p.126.
[55] State of the World, 1997. A Worldwatch
Institute
Report, p.13 based on press release by World Conservation Union-IUCN,
"Animals
in the Red: Mounting Evidence of Jeopardy to World's Species,"
Washington,
D.C, October 3, 1996.
[56] Sierra Club, reported in the San
Francisco
Examiner, article by Jane Kay, p.C-1
[57] Richard Monastersky, "Sea Change in the
Arctic,"
Science News, February 13, 1999 via Worldwatch Institute's State of the
World 2000 p25.
[58] "Warnings from the Wild," documentary on
global warming, produced by Jeremy Bristow, a BBC production in
association
with PBS (circa 2000).
[59] Science, September 15, 2000. Study of high
altitude ice fields, led by Lonnie G. Thompson, including Ellen
Mosley-Thompson.
[60] Natural Resources Defense Council, Amicus
Journal, Fall 2000 issue, p.9
[61] Natural Resources Defense Council,
Amicus
Journal, Fall 2000 issue p.9
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[62] ABC News.com, 'Coral Reefs Disappearing,'
by
Daniel Cooney (Associated Press), October 23, 2000.
[63] Anchorage Daily News, Byline: Jon Little;
Daily News Peninsula Bureau, Beetles' Reach Declines; Area Has
Fewer
Trees for Instects, April 7, 1999
[64] New York Times, Canada's 'Gentle Giants'
Await Vanishing Winter', article by James Brooke, November 12,
2000.
[65] Reuters, Global Warming Seen Doubling
Heat
Deaths by 2020, November 21, 2000.
[66] CNN Web site, Future energy shortages
predicted,
July 28, 1999, http://www.cnn.com/US/9907/28/power.crunch.crisis/
[67] Los Angeles Times, Global Warming
Threat
Real to Pacific Island, article by John-Thor Dahlburg, November
25,
2000.
[68] CNN.com, Heat Waves likely to bring
more rolling blackouts, article by Greg LaMotte, http://www.cnn.com/2000/US/07/01/power.grid.crisis/index.html,
July 1, 2000.
[69] Robert T. Watson, chairman,
Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change, see http://www.ipcc.ch/press/sp-cop6-2.htm.
[70] San Francisco Examiner, article by
Geoffrey
Lean of the London Independent: Report: Massive flooding just a
preview, November 7, 1999.
[71] See report by the Alliance for Safe Energy,
June, 2000. Web site: http://www.ase.org/media/newsrel/press.htm#Tips526
[72] NOAA web site: see http://www.noaanews.noaa.gov/stories/s412.htm,
April 18, 2000.
[73] Robert Watson, chairman of the
Intergovernmental
Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 1.5 degrees to 6 degrees Centigrade
equals
2.7 to 10.8 degrees Fahrenheit. http://www.ipcc.ch/press/sp-cop6-2.htm
(Go to 2nd paragraph).
[74] Report by Dr. Thomas Karl: Global
Warming
and Changes in Flood Potential, January 6, 1997, Report by National
Climatic
Data Center, NOAA
[75] Ozone Action Roundtable: Current Effects
of Climate Change, June 24, 1996.
[76] Environmental Protection Agency. see web
site: http://www.epa.gov/globalwarming/impacts/stateimp/newyork/index.html
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[77] Scientific American, May, 1997 issue.
Report
by researchers, Thomas Karl (NCDC), Neville Nicholls (Australian Bureau
of Meteorology Research Center and Jonathon Gregory (Hadley Centre of
the
U.K Meteorological Office)
[78] Excerpt from essay by Dr. James Hansen,
Global
Warming, Playing Dice, and Berenstain Bears. See website http://www.giss.nasa.gov/research/intro/hansen.08/
[79] Ozone Action Roundtable: Current Effects
of Climate Change, June 24, 1996. Statement by George M. Woodwell.
[80] Quotation taken from transcript of
President
Clinton’s radio address of July 25, 1998. Reference deleted from EPA
website.
[81] During the Vice-President debates, Joseph
Lieberman mentioned this interesting statistic.October 5, 2000
[82] Quotation taken from Environmental News
Service
article entitiled Evidence of Rapid Global Warming Accepted by 99
Nations, January 22, 2001.
[83] United Nations Environmental Programme Press
Release, February 7, 2001.
[84] Definitions courtesy of Lars
Kullerud,
Polar Program Manager, UNEP/GRID-Arendal.
[85] Professor Lonnie Thompson, of Ohio State
University, made these comments at the annual meeting of the American
Association
for the Advancement of Science in San Francisco, February 18, 2001.
Taken
from Environmental News Service, February 20, 2001 publication.
[86] Talk of the Nation, February 23, 2001,
Hosted
by Ira Flatow, Guests Professor Lonnie Thompson, Ohio State University;
Doug Hardy research scientist, University of Massachusetts; Professor
James
McCarthy, Harvard.
[87] Joan A. Kleypas et al., "Geochemical
Consequences of Increased Carbon Dioxide on Coral Reefs," Science,
April
2, 1999. Excerpt taken from State of the World 2000 p.32.published by
WorldWatch
Institute.
[88] Taken from United Nations Environment
Programme
Press Release Tuesday, February 20, 2001 http://www.unep.org/Documents/Default.asp?DocumentID=192&ArticleID=2775
[89] EPA Global Warming: Impacts-Coastal Zones
http://www.epa.gov/globalwarming/impacts/coastal/
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[90] GCCRIO, National Assessment http://www.gcrio.org/NationalAssessment/overpdf/overview.html
[91] Taken from article by Curt Suplee of the
Washington Post; appeared in the December 3, 1999 San Francisco
Chronicle,
titled 'Arctic Ice Melting Rapidly, Study Finds'. Study appeared in the
December 3 Science journal by researchers headed by Konstantin Y.
Vinnikov
of the University of Maryland.
[92] Taken from United Nations Environment
Programme
Press Release of February 19, 2001
http://www.unep.org/Documents/Default.asp?DocumentID=192&ArticleID=2775
[93] Taken from Global Warming, Early Warning Signs
map produced by Union of Concerned Scientists, Sierra Club, NRDC, World
Wildlife Fund, USPIRG, World Resources Institute, Envirnomental Defense
Fund.
[94] John Houghton et al, Stabilization of
Atmospheric
Greenhouse Gases: Physical, Biological and Socio-Economic Implications,
IPCC Technical Paper 3; See Vital Signs 1998 p.66; one-fourth
global
carbon emissions, see Vital Signs 1999.
[95] San Francisco Examiner article by Geoffrey
Lean of the London/Independent (November 7, 1999).
[96] Nature Conservancy Magazine,
September/October
2001 edition, article titled A Sea Change by Carol Goodstein.
[97] Environmental News Network, Thursday, July
19, 2001 By Reuters
[98] Taken from article appearing in the San
Francisco
Chronicle on July 29, 2001. \
[99] New York Times, Canada's 'Gentle Giants'
Await Vanishing Winter', article by James Brooke, November 12, 2000.
[100] See this website: Environmental News
Service,
January 15, 2001 article: See also Environmental News Service, March
19,
2001 article. See Bali Conference on Coral: http://www.nova.edu/ocean/9icrs/liveweb.html
[101] United Nations Environment Programme web
site: http://www.unep.org/Documents/Default.asp?DocumentID=192&ArticleID=2763
[102]USEPA See EPA web site: < http://www.epa.gov/globalwarming/impacts/coastal/index.html
>.
[103] San Francisco Chronicle article by Keay
Davidson, Cold Northern Forests Face Burning Threat, Global
Warming
Blamed
for Huge Fires, December 18, 2000.
[104] Environmental News Network, September 6,
2001, Reuters article by Ed Cropley.
[105] Science Journal, Energy: Exploiting
Wind Versus Coal, article by Stanford scientists, Mark Z. Jacobson
and Gilbert M. Masters, August 24, 2001.
[106] Environmental News Network, July 12,
2001, Reuter's article by Michael Kahn, Officials predict long, hot
U.S. wildfire season.
[107] Environmental News Service, August 27,
2001 article titled Wildfires Send Tons of Mercury Up in Smoke.
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
[108] National Institute for Occupational
Safety
and Health (2001); see http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/mngfs.html.
[109] Associated Press article by John Heilprin,
November 10, 2001.
[110] BBC News Online, More stormy seas ahead?
by Helen Briggs Thursday, 16 November, 2000. See
http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/sci/tech/newsid_1025000/1025455.stm.
[111] Environmental News Network, December 13,
2001, Reuters article by Andrew Quinn, Scientists see threat of
abrupt
world climate.
[112] Environmental News Service, AmeriScan
December 20, 2001, WARMER CLIMATE COULD DISRUPT WATER SUPPLIES.
[113] Environmental News Service, February 19,
2002,
article by Cat Lazaroff, titled Global Warming Effects on Sea Level
Underestimated.
[114] Environmental News Network (Reuters),
June
7, 2002, Global warming blamed for melting Everest glacier.
[115] Environmental News Service, June 5, 2002, Climate
Change Depletes Ozone Layer http://ens-news.com/ens/jun2002/2002-06-05-09.asp#anchor3.
[116] San Francisco Chronicle, December 23,
2002, Global Warming Evidence Mounts, page A8.
[117] San Francisco Chronicle, January 7,
2003, article by Keay Davidson, The Sky is slowly rising,
scientists
say, page A2.
[118] Copyright 2002 National Geographic, May 16,
2003, article by James Owen in England for National Geographic News.
[119] Source: Bert Metz et al., eds., Climate
Change
2001: Mitigation, Contribution of Working Group III to the Third
Assessment Report of the IPCC (Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University
Press,
2001), pp. 3-5.
[120] Source: Sierra Club magazine, article by
Paul Rauber, July/August 2003 issue.
[121] Source: Impact of Climate Change on
Permafrost
in Canada M.W.Smith, K.Henry, D.W.Riseborough, Carleton University,
Ottawa.
See web site: http://www.carleton.ca/~msmith2/default.htm
[122] Scientific American Frontiers production
of Hot Time in Alaska showed on PBS June 15, 2004. (Hot Time
in Alaska transcript).
[123] "Climatic Warming and the Decline of
Zooplankton in the California Current," Dean Roemmich and John McGowan,
Science, Vol. 267, March 3, 1995.
[124] Source:
Audobon Magazine, Article by Ted Levin, Nov.-Dec. 1999 issue p. 93
[125] ABC News.com,
'Coral Reefs Disappearing,' by
Daniel Cooney (Associated Press), October 23,
2000
[126] Nature, Extinction
risk from climate change, January 8,
2004, by Chris D.
Thomas1, Alison Cameron1, Rhys E.
Green2, Michel Bakkenes3, Linda J. Beaumont4, Yvonne C. Collingham5,
Barend F.
N. Erasmus6, Marinez Ferreira de Siqueira7, Alan Grainger8, Lee
Hannah9, Lesley
Hughes4, Brian Huntley5, Albert S. van Jaarsveld10, Guy F. Midgley11,
Lera
Miles8,15, Miguel A. Ortega-Huerta12, A. Townsend Peterson13, Oliver L.
Phillips8 and Stephen E. Williams14
[127] C.
Pope
et al., “Lung Cancer, Cardiopulmonary Mortality, and Long-Term Exposure
to Fine
Particulate Air Pollution,” Journal of the American Medical
Association 287: 1132-1141, 2002. (See
Also PennEnvironment Research & Policy Center p.16)
[128] No Ordinary
Time, Pulitzer
Prize winning book
by Doris Kearns Goodwin, “Between 1940 and 1945, the US contributed
nearly 300,000 warplanes….” p. 608
[129] L.R.Kump,
"Reducing Uncertainty about Carbon Dioxide as a Climate Driver," Nature
419 (2002): 188-90.
Note: Some website links may have been discontinued
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